MENINGOKOKK INFEKSIYASINING ZAMONAVIY DIAGNOSTIKA USULLARI VA PROFILAKTIKASI: ADABIYOTLAR SHARHI
Ключевые слова:
meningokokk infeksiyasi, Neisseria meningitidis, diagnostika, PCR, serologik tekshiruvlarАннотация
Meningokokk infeksiyasi — Neisseria meningitidis qo'zg'atuvchisi chaqiradigan, dunyo bo'ylab sezilarli o'lim va nogironlik ko'rsatkichlari bilan kechadigan o'tkir bakterial kasallik. Kasallikning tez rivojlanishi va og'ir asoratlari (meningit, septik shok, purpura) erta diagnostika hamda samarali profilaktikani tibbiyotning ustuvor vazifasiga aylantiradi. Ushbu adabiyotlar sharhi maqolasining maqsadi — meningokokk infeksiyasini aniqlashda qo'llaniladigan zamonaviy diagnostika usullari, laborator va molekulyar tekshiruvlar, epidemiologik nazorat hamda profilaktika choralari bo'yicha so'nggi ilmiy ma'lumotlarni tahlil qilishdir. Maqolada Gram bo'yash, qon madaniyati, likvor tahlilidan tortib real-time PCR, multiplex PCR, next-generation sequencing (NGS) usullarigacha bo'lgan diagnostika zanjiri batafsil yoritilgan. Profilaktika bo'limida rifampitsin, siprofloksatsin va seftriakson bilan kimyoprofilaktika, shuningdek MenACWY va MenB vaksinalarining zamonaviy ko'rsatmalari ko'rib chiqilgan. Antibiotiklarga chidamlilik o'sishi, seroguruhlarning o'zgarishi va global kuzatuv tizimlaridagi kamchiliklar mavjud muammolar sifatida muhokama qilingan. Maqolada keltirilgan ma'lumotlar klinik amaliyotni takomillashtirish va milliy vaksinatsiya dasturlarini mustahkamlash uchun muhim ahamiyatga ega.
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