PREKLINIK REVMATOID ARTRITDA BIOMARKERLAR VA RISK STRATIFIKATSIYASI: ZAMONAVIY ADABIYOTLAR SHARHI
Ключевые слова:
revmatoid artrit, preklinik revmatoid artrit, ACPA, revmatoid faktor, biomarkerАннотация
Revmatoid artrit (RA)- surunkali, tizimli autoimmun yallig`lanish kasalligi bo`lib, klinik jihatdan namoyon bo`lishdan oldin bir necha bosqichlardan o`tishi mumkin. So`ngi yillarda RA patogenezining ushbu “klinikagacha” davrini aniqlash, kasallik rivojlanish xavfi yuqori bo`lgan shaxslarni stratifikatsiya qilish va kelajakda RA rivojlanishining oldini olishga qaratilgan strategiyalarni ishlab chiqishga katta e`tibor berilmoqda. Ushbu sharhning maqsadi preklinik RAda qo`llanilayotgan asosiy serologik, yallig`lanish, tasviriy va molekulyar biomarkerlarning diagnostik va prognostik ahamiyatini baholash hamda zamonaviy risk stratifikatsiyasi tamoyillarini yoritishdan iborat. Adabiyotlar tahlili shuni koʻrsatadiki, anti-sitrullinlangan oqsil antitanalari (ACPA) va revmatoid faktor (RF) RA rivojlanish xavfini baholashda eng koʻp oʻrganilgan serologik markerlar hisoblanadi. C-reaktiv oqsil (CRP), klinik simptomlar va subklinik sinovit esa xavfni yanada aniqlashtirishga yordam beradi. 14-3-3η oqsili, kalprotektin, interleykin-6 va boshqa biomarkerlaristiqbolli boʻlsa-da, ularning preklinik bosqichdagi universal klinik qoʻllanilishi hali toʻliq standartlashtirilmagan. 2025-yilda e`lon qilingan EULAR/ACR RA rivojlanish stratifikatsiya qilish mezonlari ertalabki qotishish, bemor tomonidan bidirilgan boʻgʻim shishi, musht qilish qiyinligi, CRP, RF va ACPA kabi oltita klinik-serologik oʻzgarshni birlashtiradi. MRI orqali aniqlangan subklinik yalligʻlanish modelning diskriminativ imkoniyatini yanada oshirishi mumkin. Kelajakda multimodal biomarker panellari, koʻp omilli modellar va sun’iy intellektga asoslangan yondashuvlar RA rivojlanish xavfini individuallashtirish imkonini berishi mumkin
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