ORTODONTIK DAVOLASHDA SHAFFOF ELAYNERLAR VA AN’ANAVIY BREKET TIZIMLARINING SAMARADORLIGINI QIYOSIY BAHOLASH
Ключевые слова:
shaffof elaynerlar, breket tizimi, ortodontik davolash, malokluziya, InvisalignАннотация
Maqolada shaffof elaynerlar (clear aligners) va an’anaviy fiksatsiyalangan breket tizimlarining ortodontik davolashdagi samaradorligi zamonaviy dalillar asosida qiyosiy baholandi. Tadqiqot birlamchi klinik eksperiment emas, balki 2023–2026-yillarda e’lon qilingan sistematik sharhlar, meta-tahlillar, randomizatsiyalangan va noraqobat klinik tadqiqotlar hamda O‘zbekiston ortodontik adabiyotlariga tayangan ikkilamchi dalillar sintezidir. 2025-yilgi meta-tahlilda 15 ta klinik tadqiqot va 1084 bemor tahlil qilinib, ekstraksiyasiz holatlarda davolash sifati va davomiyligi bo‘yicha elaynerlar va breketlar o‘rtasida sezilarli farq aniqlanmagan; ekstraksiyali murakkab holatlarda esa fiksatsiyalangan apparatlar tish harakatini nazorat qilish bo‘yicha ustun bo‘lgan. 2024-yilgi meta-tahlilda elaynerlarda tashqi apikal ildiz rezorbsiyasi yuqori markaziy kesuvchilarda SMD −0,62, yuqori lateral kesuvchilarda −0,47 va pastki markaziy kesuvchilarda −0,27 miqdorida kamroq kuzatilgan. Periodontal ko‘rsatkichlar bo‘yicha elaynerlarda qisqa va o‘rta muddatda plaque va gingival indekslar biroz yaxshiroq bo‘lgan, biroq klinik farq odatda kichik. Yangi meta-tahlilda og‘riq intensivligi elaynerlarda pastroq bo‘lib, umumiy effekt SMD −0,419 ni tashkil etgan. Tish harakatlarini nazorat qilish bo‘yicha 2026-yilgi sistematik sharh breketlarda rotatsiya va torque nazorati kuchliroq bo‘lishi mumkinligini ko‘rsatadi. Xulosa qilib, elaynerlar va breketlar raqobatchi universal tizimlar emas, balki malokluziya murakkabligi, kerakli biomekanik harakatlar, periodontal holat va bemor compliance’iga qarab tanlanadigan vositalardir.
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