BURDEN OF PREDIABETES AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE ANDIJAN REGION: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FINDINGS FROM URBAN AND RURAL COMMUNITIES

Madina Soliyeva

Authors

Madina Soliyeva Master’s student in Endocrinology Department of Hospital Therapy and Endocrinology Andijan State Medical Institute Author

Keywords:

prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, impaired fasting glucose

Abstract

Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are among the most significant public health problems due to their increasing prevalence and high risk of cardiovascular and metabolic complications. Early identification of carbohydrate metabolism disorders plays an important role in preventing disease progression. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus among urban and rural populations of the Andijan region. A population-based cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted among residents of Andijan city and the Markhamat district, including individuals over 40 years of age. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders were assessed based on fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and diagnostic criteria recommended by WHO, ADA, and EASD. The study revealed a high prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, with combined impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance (IFG+IGT) being the most frequent form. A significant number of newly diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus were identified. Higher rates of metabolic disorders were observed among women and individuals of middle and older age groups. The obtained results demonstrate a significant burden of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Andijan region and emphasize the necessity of implementing population-based screening programs and preventive strategies aimed at early detection and reduction of diabetes-related complications.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Adhikari B., Mishra S.R. Culture and epidemiology of diabetes in South Asia // Journal of Global Health. – 2019. – Vol. 9. – Article 020301.

2. Borch-Johnsen K., et al. Vitamin D and type 2 diabetes: A systematic review // European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. – 2006.

3. Cai X., Zhang Y., Li M. et al. Association between prediabetes and risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease: updated meta-analysis // BMJ. – 2020. – Vol. 370. – P. 2297

4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report: Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States, 2014. – Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014. – P. 1–7.

5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2023. – Atlanta, GA, 2023.

6. Dekker J.M., et al. Long-term outcomes of impaired glucose metabolism: The DECODE Study // Diabetologia. – 2009.

7. Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Galstyan G.R. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among the adult population of Russia (NATION study) // Diabetes Mellitus. – 2016. – Vol. 19, No. 2. – P. 104–112.

8. Demidova T.Yu., Plakhotnyaya V.M. Prediabetes: a new paradigm of early prevention of cardiovascular diseases // Medical Council. – 2021. – No.14. – P.124–132.

9. Guariguata L., Whiting D.R., Hambleton I., Beagley J., Linnenkamp U., Shaw J.E. Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035 // Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. – 2014. – Vol.103. – P.137–149.

10. International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Global Diabetes Score. – 2021.

11. International Diabetes Federation (IDF). IDF Diabetes Atlas. 10th edition. – Brussels: International Diabetes Federation, 2021.

12. Pittas A.G., et al. Vitamin D and type 2 diabetes: A review of the literature // Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. – 2007.

13. Russian Association of Endocrinologists. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes: current data for clinicians. – Moscow, 2018.

14. Shafiee G., Mohajeri-Tehrani M.R., Pajouhi M., Larijani B. The importance of diabetes prevention programs in women: Focus on gender differences // Iranian Journal of Public Health. – 2017. – Vol.46, No.4. – P.529–537.

15. Shrestha N., Mishra S.R., Ghimire S. et al. Burden of diabetes and prediabetes in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis // Diabetes Therapy. – 2020. – Vol.11. – P.1935–1946.

16. Shlyakova A.A., Strongin L.G., Kudykin M.N., Korneva K.G. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic venous insufficiency: clinical and pathogenetic features of lower limb lesions in combined pathology // Diabetes Mellitus. – 2016. – Vol.19, No.3. – P.212–220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14341/DM200349-12

17. Shcherbakova O.N. Early diagnosis of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in employees of internal affairs bodies with hypertension. Available at: https://rzgmu.ru/images/upload/users/sc/dysSherbakova.pdf (accessed: July 28, 2026).

18. Vij S. Prevalence of pre-diabetes in India: A systematic review // Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. – 2020.

19. Wang L., Gao P., Zhang M. et al. Prevalence and ethnic pattern of diabetes and prediabetes in China in 2013 // JAMA. – 2017. – Vol.317, No.24. – P.2515–2523. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2017.7596

20. Wasserman D.H., Wang T.J., Brown N.J. The vasculature in prediabetes // Circulation Research. – 2018. – Vol.122, No.8. – P.1135–1150

21. Wild S., Roglic G., Green A., Sicree R., King H. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030 // Diabetes Care. – 2004. – Vol.27, No.5. – P.1047–1053.

22. World Health Organization (WHO). Global Report on Diabetes. – Geneva: WHO, 2016.

23. World Health Organization (WHO). Global Report on Diabetes. – Geneva: WHO, 2021.