O‘PKA KASALLIKLARIDA BRONXOLITIK VA YALLIG‘LANISHGA QARSHI PREPARATLARNING FARMAKODINAMIK TA’SIRI
Keywords:
bronxolitiklar, beta-2 agonistlar, antimuskariniklar, inhalyatsion kortikosteroidlar, astmaAbstract
surunkali obstruktiv o‘pka kasalligi (SOO‘K/COPD) va boshqa obstruktiv o‘pka kasalliklarida qo‘llaniladigan bronxolitik hamda yallig‘lanishga qarshi preparatlarning farmakodinamik ta’siri tahlil qilindi. Tahlil shuni ko‘rsatadiki, astmada yallig‘lanish markaziy patogenetik mexanizm bo‘lgani uchun inhalyatsion kortikosteroidlar (IKS) bazis terapiyaning asosiy komponenti bo‘lib qoladi; bronxolitiklar esa simptomlarni tez kamaytiradi, ammo IKSsiz uzoq muddatli nazorat yetarli bo‘lmaydi. COPDda esa asosiy farmakodinamik tayanch uzoq ta’sir qiluvchi bronxolitiklar - LABA va LAMA hisoblanadi; IKS faqat tez-tez zo‘rayishlar, eozinofillar yuqoriligi yoki astma-COPD kesishuvchi fenotipi mavjud holatlarda foyda-xavf nisbatiga qarab qo‘shiladi. Global dalillar mavzuning ahamiyatini kuchaytiradi: Jahon sog‘liqni saqlash tashkiloti ma’lumotiga ko‘ra, astma 2019-yilda 262 million kishiga ta’sir qilgan va 455 ming o‘limga sabab bo‘lgan, COPD esa 2021-yilda 3,5 million o‘limga sabab bo‘lgan.
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